Duration of duty to support child
These are the general principles:
·
A parent’s duty to support a child does not cease
when the child reaches a particular age but it usually does so when the child
becomes self-supporting. Majority (18) is not the determining factor.
·
At common law, both divorced parents have a duty to
maintain a child of the dissolved marriage. The incidence of this duty in
respect of each parent depends upon their relative means and circumstances and
the needs of the child from time to time. The duty does not terminate when the
child reaches a particular age, but continues after majority.
·
The Divorce Act refers to ‘provisions made or
contemplated with regard to the welfare of any minor or dependent child of the marriage’ and
provides that a court granting a decree of divorce may make any order which it
may deem fit in respect of the maintenance of a dependent child of the marriage.
·
The duty of support likewise revives if a child
ceases to be self-supporting for reasons such as ill-health or disability.
·
A major is not usually supported on as lavish a
scale as a minor. A major must be in dire financial straits before a court will
order a parent to support him or her.
·
When a child marries, the duty of support rests
primarily on the spouse. Only if the spouse cannot provide support can the
parents be called upon to do so. If parents do support a married child, they
have a right of recovery against the spouse.
Ingratitude
Can a child’s conduct relieve a parent of the duty to support? Voet (a
17th century Dutch
jurist) states that the duty ceases when the person to be maintained is guilty
of ingratitude of
a degree which would justify disinheritance.
However, ask yourself, as a parent, what you may have done to earn his
or her ingratitude. There may be two sides to the story.
By way of interest (and not in the context of withholding payment to a
minor child) in 2002, best-selling author, Wilbur Smith, launched an unusual ‘gross
ingratitude’ lawsuit against his stepson, demanding that he return millions of
Rands in cash and luxury gifts given to him over the years. Smith claimed that
his stepson had demonstrated ‘gross ingratitude’ to him and had ‘rejected,
humiliated and been unconscionably rude’ to Smith's new wife.
